托福写作该如何提分？综合写作和独立写作该怎么提高？

所谓转述能力，是指需要通过明显地改变原句表达方式或者浓缩、提炼核心意思去改写原文。下面环球教育小编就和大家分享如何训练托福写作的概括能力的内容。
>>> 方法一：同义词转换法
Youngsters who watched educational children’s television for several hours a week had higher scores on academic tests three years later.
寻找youngsters, educational children’s television, several, higher scores等单词或短语的同义词，原句转述为：
Young children who watched a few hours of educational programs a week had better test scores three years later.
>>> 方法二：词性转换法
Telecommuting can bring numerous benefits to both employees and employers.
转化为benefit(动词)：
Both employees and employers can benefit from telecommuting.
转化为beneficial(形容词)：
Telecommuting is beneficial to both employees and employers.
beneficiaries(名词，表示人)：
Both employees and employers can be beneficiaries of telecommuting.
>>> 方法三：主动和被动语态转换法
For the price of one regular paperback novel, several book files could be purchased.
将原句的被动语态(could be purchased)转化为主动语态(people could purchase)：
For the same price as one paperback novel, people could purchase several book files.
>>> 方法四：句子结构转换法
句子结构转换法是最为常用的方法——通过将句子间结构的转换，进而对原有的句子进行转述。句子间结构的转换，即包括简单句、并列句和从句间的转换，也包括不同从句(包括宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句、同位语从句等)之间的相互转换，以及不同句型结构的使用(包括形式主语结构、强调结构、插入语结构、非谓语结构、虚拟语气结构等)。
(1)简单句和从句子间的转换
There has been an upsurge in the prevalence of electronic books due to rapid advancements in technology.(简单句)
Because there have been rapid advancements in technology, the prevalence of electronic books has experienced an upsurge.(原因状语从句)
(2)宾语从句和定语从句间的转换
The study suggests that television may have a positive influence on children’s intellectual development. (宾语从句)
According to the study, television may positively influence the way that children’s intelligence develops. (定语从句)
(3)非谓语结构的使用
If students can receive instructions at home on the television, they can save time, money, and fuel on transportation.(条件状语从句)
Receiving instructions from television at home, students can save time,money, and fuel on transportation. (非谓语结构)
The carbon dioxide leads to the worldwide greenhouse effect, which causes the sea level to rise and produces negative impacts on weather.(定语从句)
The carbon dioxide raises the sea level and negatively influences weather, leadingto the greenhouse effect worldwide.(非谓语结构)
在综合写作写作过程中，句子转述的四种方法很少“单独使用”，而往往“组合使用”。

想要提高托福写作提分，重点是要看考试的评分要求，并且对照自己的情况，做针对性的训练。
可以按照以下步骤进行：
一、熟读 OG 上关于写作的评分要求，认真研读官方的满分范文。
二、做一套 TPO 写作题目（包括独立写作和综合写作），找到自己的作文和满分作文的差距。
三、根据内容、结构、语言三个方面的能力强弱，制定一个有针对性的训练计划。
比如，内容方面需要观察生活、积累作文素材；结构方面得研究议论文的写作框架；语言方面要多学习别人地道的表达。如果是听力或者阅读问题，导致综合写作不好，则要强化听力和阅读。
四、做阶段性的能力测试（比如每周做一套 TPO），实时掌握自己的能力提高情况，并对计划作出调整。

关于所有如何提分的问题：练。限时写，严格限时。思路方面多刷机经看范文，语言方面双向翻译自己积累正确和多样化表达。建议搭配课外辅导班的学习，北京新东方的托福精讲精练班就很不错。

要在平时多积累高阶词汇，在记忆词汇的过程中积累高级的句型句式以及短语。在写作的过程中逻辑要清晰，要清楚文章的主题以及主旨；注意语法错误和是否有歧义，并且如果词汇句式不是熟练在考试时不要故意作用。最后多看一些真题例文，还有一些优美的英文文章，对写作文采也有帮助。最后祝你取得好成绩！