在数列{an}中,已知a1=-1,an+1=Sn+3n-1(n∈N*),求数列{an}的通项公式

2025-05-13 11:26:12
推荐回答(2个)
回答(1):

解:由an+1=Sn+3n-1(n∈N*)①
得an=Sn-1+3n-4(n≥2)②
①-②得an+1=2an+3(n≥2)
∴an+1+3=2(an+3)(n≥2)
又由②得 a2=S1+6-4=a1+2=1
∴a2+3=4
∴a2+3=2(a1+3)
∴an+1+3=2(an+3)(n≥1)
∴数列{an+3}是首项为2,公比为2的等比数列
∴an+3=2×2n-1=2n
∴数列{an}的 an=2n-3(n≥1)

回答(2):

解:∵数列{a[n]}满足a[n 1]=(a[n] 2)/(a[n] 1)
采用不动点法,设:x=(x 2)/(x 1)
x^2=2
解得不动点是:x=±√2

∴(a[n 1]-√2)/(a[n 1] √2)
={(a[n] 2)/(a[n] 1)-√2}/{(a[n] 2)/(a[n] 1) √2}
={(a[n] 2)-√2(a[n] 1)}/{(a[n] 2) √2(a[n] 1)}
={(1-√2)a[n]-(√2-2)}/{(1 √2)a[n] (√2 2)}
={(1-√2)(a[n]-√2)}/{(1 √2)(a[n] √2)}
={(1-√2)/(1 √2)}{(a[n]-√2)/(a[n] √2)}
=(2√2-3){(a[n]-√2)/(a[n] √2)}

∵a[1]=1
∴(a[1]-√2)/(a[1] √2)=2√2-3
∴{(a[n]-√2)/(a[n] √2)}是首项和公比均为2√2-3的等差数列
即:(a[n]-√2)/(a[n] √2)=(2√2-3)(2√2-3)^(n-1)=(2√2-3)^n
a[n]-√2=a[n](2√2-3)^n √2(2√2-3)^n
a[n][1-(2√2-3)^n]=√2[1 (2√2-3)^n]
∴{a[n]}的通项公式:a[n]=√2[1 (2√2-3)^n]/[1-(2√2-3)^n]